Civic space is a relatively new term introduced into the social glossary over the past two decades in Afghanistan. However, the rights and freedoms that underpin civic space have a more extensive history, rooted in philosophical and international human rights perspectives. Key components of civic space include the right to establish associations, the right to peaceful assembly, and the right to freedom of expression. In general, the actors of civic space are individuals or groups, whether through civil or political associations, unions, foundations, organizations, media, political parties, or similar institutions, who actively work to enhance life and advance societal development. Civic space needs political, legal, physical, and intellectual support.
Nevertheless, in democratic societies, the parameters of civic space are governed by both national laws and international human rights commitments. Today, UN human rights documents and mechanisms are familiar to all countries. However, in non-democratic countries, especially those with authoritarian governments, including many Islamic countries, people often face challenges in accessing civic space due to factors such as a lack of legal and political support, the presence of despotic leadership, or the influence of active traditional and radical religious groups in power.
Keywords: Civic Space, Islamic Sharia, Taliban Governance, Human Rights