Climate change mitigation and adaptation (CCMA) initiatives, essential for addressing climate change impacts, often intersect with development-induced mobility, amplifying the challenges faced by vulnerable communities, particularly indigenous peoples. 

A 2024 study by RWI highlights the prevalence of CCMA initiatives linked to human mobility in the agriculture, forestry, and other land use (AFOLU) sectors, as well as the energy sector. These initiatives often align with just transition efforts, including the development of renewable energy plants like hydropower, geothermal, and solar facilities, as well as reforestation and critical mining activities for battery production. Despite recognition in various human rights instruments, such as the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, substantial gaps remain in protecting human rights in development-induced displacement.  

RAPP 2 aims to create a conducive environment for key stakeholders to meaningfully integrate and address human mobility risks with rights- and gender-based approach in CCMA initiatives.  This includes incorporating these principles into regulations, safeguarding policies, curricula, and other relevant avenues. The goal is to develop CCMA initiatives that effectively address mobility risks, contributing to just transitions to climate-resilient and nature-positive societies. This is measured not only by environmental outcomes but also by promoting social justice and inclusivity. 

Building on RAPP 1’s success in raising stakeholder awareness, RAPP 2 will focus on enhancing key stakeholders’ capacities, particularly the National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) and academics. While not directly aiming to integrate these principles into government policies due to the complexities involved, RAPP 2 will equip stakeholders to incorporate these approaches into their practices, ensuring a holistic response to climate challenges.